Answer: for question 1 here is kinda a summery
Relative to the direction of a beam of sunlight, Earths surface becomes more titled as you move away from the equator. As shown in Figure , the energy in a beam of sunlight tends to become more spread out the farther you travel from the equator. This means that regions near the poles receive less energy than regions near the equator. This makes earth colder at the poles and warmer at the equator.
